What does "peculium" refer to in the context of slavery?

The term "peculium" in the context of slavery refers to property that is managed by a slave. In ancient Roman society, a slave could sometimes be granted a peculium, which allowed them to manage certain assets or funds that they could use to benefit themselves or eventually gain their freedom. This arrangement provided a measure of autonomy to slaves, as they could engage in business activities, save money, or accumulate resources over time.

Understanding this term highlights the complexity of slavery in ancient Rome, where not all slaves were completely subordinated; some were allowed certain rights to manage specific aspects of property or wealth. This concept also plays a crucial role in discussions about the social and legal dynamics between masters and slaves during that period.