What is the name of the ancient Roman Senate house?

The Senate house of ancient Rome is known as the Curia Hostilia. This structure served as the meeting place for the Roman Senate and played a vital role in the governance of the Roman Republic. The Curia Hostilia was established in the early days of Rome, traditionally attributed to the sixth king, Ancus Marcius, and was located in the Forum Romanum, the heart of political life in ancient Rome.

The significance of the Curia Hostilia lies not only in its function as a parliamentary space but also as a symbol of Roman political power and civic engagement. Over the years, it underwent several reconstructions and renovations, including a notable remodelling by Julius Caesar. This highlights its importance to Roman society, as it remained a central location for political discourse and decision-making throughout the Republic and into the Imperial period.

In contrast, the other structures mentioned serve different purposes: the Domus Aurea was an extravagant palace built by Emperor Nero; the Pantheon is a temple dedicated to the Roman gods and an architectural marvel; the Temple of Saturn housed the state treasury and was significant in religious observance but not as a meeting place for the Senate. Each of these buildings plays a unique role in Roman history, yet none fulfill the specific function