Which ancient name corresponds to Scotland?

Caledonia is the ancient name that corresponds to Scotland. This term was used by the Romans to refer to the area inhabited by the Celtic tribes in what is now southern Scotland. The Romans encountered a number of different tribes in this region during their campaigns, and they often used the term Caledonia to describe this territory as a whole.

Hibernia refers to ancient Ireland, while Lusitania denotes a region that largely corresponds to modern-day Portugal. Thule was a term used by ancient geographers, which most probably refers to the northernmost location known to them, often associated with Scandinavia or the farthest reaches of the north. Caledonia, however, distinctly identifies with the land that would become known as Scotland, cementing it as the correct choice in this context.